268 lines
17 KiB
C++
268 lines
17 KiB
C++
/*********************************************************************************
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* MIT License
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*
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* Copyright (c) 2020-2022 Gregg E. Berman
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*
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* https://github.com/HomeSpan/HomeSpan
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*
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* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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* to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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*
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* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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* copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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*
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* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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* IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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* AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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* SOFTWARE.
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*
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********************************************************************************/
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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// //
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// HomeSpan: A HomeKit implementation for the ESP32 //
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// ------------------------------------------------ //
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// //
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// Example 15: Real PushButtons //
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// * manually controlling a Dimmable LED //
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// //
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// //
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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#include "HomeSpan.h"
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#include "DEV_LED.h"
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void setup() {
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// In Example 14 we saw how to emulate a PushButton tile within HomeKit by automatically resetting a Characteristic so that
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// it "turns off" after a short period of time. However, sometimes we want to be able to physically control a device with actual
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// PushButtons (or momentary switches) that trigger an action, such as turning on a light or fan, or opening a garage door.
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// Additionally, we want HomeKit to reflect any changes in the device as a result of such manual actions - HomeKit should know
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// when the light has been turned on or off manually.
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// One way to accomplish would be via custom code added to the loop() method of your derived Service that monitors a pushbutton,
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// checks when it is pressed, debounces button noise, performs some actions when pressed, and informs HomeKit of the actions with
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// the setVal() method. Or you can simply use HomeSpan's built-in SpanButton() object.
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// SpanButton() is a Service-level object, meaning it attaches itself to the last Service you define. Typically you would instantiate
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// one of more SpanButton() objects directly inside the constructor for your derived Service.
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// SpanButton() supports three types of a triggers: a SINGLE button press, a DOUBLE press, and a LONG (extended) press.
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// The length of the presses needed to trigger these different types can be specified by optional arguments to SpanButton().
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// Since most buttons create spurious noise when pressed (and then again when released), the default time to trigger a SINGLE press is 5ms.
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// It's fine to change this to a longer value, but a shorter value is not recommended as this may allow spurious triggers unless
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// you debounce your switch with hardware.
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// The SpanButton() constructor takes 5 arguments, in the following order:
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//
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// pin - the pin number to which the PushButton is attached (required)
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// longTime - the minimum length of time (in milliseconds) the button needs to be pushed to be considered a LONG press (optional; default=2000 ms)
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// singleTime - the minimum length of time (in milliseconds) the button needs to be pushed to be considered a SINGLE press (optional; default=5 ms)
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// doubleTime - the maximum length of time (in milliseconds) between button presses to create a DOUBLE press (optional; default=200 ms)
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// triggerType - the action that causes a trigger on the pin (optional; default=SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_LOW). Built-in choices include:
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//
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// SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_LOW: used for a button that connects pin to GROUND
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// SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_HIGH: used for a button that connects pin to VCC (typically +3.3V)
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// SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH: used when a pin is connected to a touch pad/sensor
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// When a SpanButton() is first instantiated, HomeSpan configures the specified pin in accordance with the triggerType chosen.
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// Then, HomeSpan continuously polls all pins with associated SpanButton() objects and checks for triggers, which indicates the button was
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// pressed, but not yet released. It then starts a timer. If the button is released after being pressed for less than singleTime milliseconds,
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// nothing happens. If the button is released after being pressed for more than singleTime milliseconds, but for less than longTime milliseconds,
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// a SINGLE press is triggered, unless you press once again within doubleTime milliseconds to trigger a DOUBLE press. If the button is held for more
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// than longTime milliseconds without being released, a LONG press is triggered. Once a LONG press is triggered the timer resets so that if you keep
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// holding the button, another LONG press will be triggered in another longTime milliseconds. This continues until you finally release the button.
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// Note if you set longTime > singleTime, SpanButton() will only trigger LONG presses. Also, if you set doubleTime to zero, SpanButton() will not be
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// able to trigger a DOUBLE press.
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// To use SpanButton() within a derived Service you need to implement a button() method. Similar to the loop() method, your button()
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// method will typically contain some combination of getVal() functions and setVal() functions, along with code that performs some set
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// of actions on the physical device (seting pins high or low, turning on fans, etc). However, in contrast to the loop() method, which
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// is called by HomeSpan every polling cycle, HomeSpan only calls the button() method when a button attached to the Service registers a
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// SINGLE, DOUBLE, or LONG press.
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// Also in contrast with the loop method, the button() method takes two 'int' arguments, and should defined as follows:
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//
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// void button(int pin, int pressType)
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//
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// where "pin" is the pin number of the PushButton that was triggered, and pressType is set to 0 for a SINGLE press, 1 for a DOUBLE press,
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// and 2 for a LONG press. You can also use the pre-defined constants SpanButton::SINGLE, SpanButton::DOUBLE, and SpanButton::LONG in place
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// of the numbers 0, 1, and 2 (this is recommended, though you will see in Example 16 why these integers can't be replaced by an C++ enum class).
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// Of course you can replace the variables "pin" and "pressType" with your own names. The only requirement is the definition conform to
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// the "void button(int, int)" signature. When HomeSpan first starts up it checks all Services containing one or more SpanButton() instances to
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// ensure you've implemented your own button(int, int) method. If not, HomeSpan will print a warning message on the Serial Monitor. Nothing bad
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// happens if you instantiate a SpanButton() but forget to create the button() method, or you create it with the wrong parameters. But nothing good
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// happens either - button presses are just ignored.
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//
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// C++ Note: For an extra check, you can also place the the contextual keyword "override" after your method definition as such:
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//
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// void button(int buttonPin, int pressType) override {...your code...}
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//
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// Doing so allows the compiler to check that you are indeed over-riding the base class button() method and not inadvertently creating a new
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// button() method with an incorrect signature that will never be called by SpanButton(). In fact, you could add "override" to the definition
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// of your update() and loop() methods as well, since these are always supposed to over-ride the base-class method.
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// To demonstrate how SpanButtons works in practice, we will implement a Dimmable LED starting with the same LED code use in Example 11,
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// but with 3 SpanButton() objects performing different functions that showcase the different types of presses.
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//
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// * A "power" SpanButton that will toggle the power in response a SINGLE press, turn on the power and set the brightness to a "favorite" level
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// in response to the DOUBLE press, and set a new "favorite" level in response to a LONG press.
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//
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// * A "raise brightness" SpanButton that will increase the brightness by 1% in response to a SINGLE press, repeatedly increase the brightness
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// by 10% in response to a LONG press, and jump to the maximum brightness in response to a DOUBLE press.
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//
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// * A "lower brightness" SpanButton that will decrease the brightness by 1% in response to a SINGLE press, repeatedly decrease the brightness
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// by 10% in response to a LONG press, and jump to the minimum brightness in response to a DOUBLE press.
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// As usual, all the code is implemented in DEV_LED.h, with NEW! comments highlighting changes from Example 11. You'll also notice that we've
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// extended the constructor for this version of our derived Dimmable LED Service to include the pin numbers for each of our buttons.
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// See DEV_LED.h for details.
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Serial.begin(115200);
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homeSpan.begin(Category::Bridges,"HomeSpan Bridge");
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new SpanAccessory();
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new Service::AccessoryInformation();
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new Characteristic::Identify();
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new SpanAccessory();
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new Service::AccessoryInformation();
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new Characteristic::Identify();
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new Characteristic::Name("PushButton LED");
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new DEV_DimmableLED(17,23,5,18); // NEW! added three extra arguments to specify the pin numbers for three SpanButtons() - see DEV_LED.h
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} // end of setup()
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//////////////////////////////////////
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void loop(){
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homeSpan.poll();
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} // end of loop()
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//////////////// ADDITIONAL NOTES ////////////////////////
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// DEFAULT VALUES AND ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTORS
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// --------------------------------------------
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// As shown in this example, the following creates a SpanButton suitable for connecting pin 23 to GROUND via a pushbutton, and uses
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// SpanButton's default values for longTime, singleTime, and doubleTime:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23);
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//
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// This is exactly the same as if you explicitly set each parameter to its default value:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,2000,5,200,SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_LOW); // equivalent to above
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//
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// If instead you want to create a SpanButton that connects pin 23 to VCC via a pushbutton using SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON-HIGH,
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// you need to explictly set all the other parameters, even if you are satisfied with their default values, since triggerType
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// is the last argument in the constructor:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,2000,5,200,SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_HIGH);
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//
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// Because this can be cumbersome, SpanButton includes an alternative constructor where triggerType is the second paramater, instead
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// of the last. In this case triggerType is required, but longTime, singleTime, and doubleTime are still optional.
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//
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// For example, the following creates a SpanButton suitable for connecting pin 23 to a touch pad/sensor, and uses
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// SpanButton's default values for longTime, singleTime, and doubleTime:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH);
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//
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// which is of course equivalent to:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH,2000,5,200);
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// TOUCH PAD/SENSOR CALIBRATION
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// ----------------------------
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// SpanButton makes use of the ESP32's internal touch sensor peripheral to monitor pins for "touches". There are a number
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// of paramaters that must be specified for touches to be accurately detected, depending on the exact size and shape of your
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// touch pads. Upon instantiation of a SpanButton() with triggerType=SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH, SpanButton will conveniently
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// perform an automatic calibration that sets an appropriate threshold level for detecting touches.
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//
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// However, if you need to, you can override this calibration process using the following two class-level functions:
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//
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// SpanButton::setTouchThreshold() - explicitly sets the threshold for detecting touches (i.e. overrides the auto-calibration)
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// SpanButton::setTouchCycles() - explicitly sets the measurement and sleep times used by the ESP32's internal touch peripheral
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//
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// See the SpanButton secion of the Reference API for details on how to use these optional functions.
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// THE triggerType FUNCTION
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// -------------------------
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// Though the three triggerType objects supported by SpanButton (SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_LOW, etc.) may appear to be nothing more than
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// constants, they are actually boolean functions that each accept a single integer argument. When SpanButton calls the triggerType function,
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// it passes the pin number specified in the constructor as the integer argument, and the triggerType function returns TRUE if the
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// "pushbutton" associated with the pin number is "pressed," or FALSE if it is not.
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//
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// For example, the definitions of SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_LOW and SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_HIGH are as follows:
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//
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// boolean TRIGGER_ON_LOW(int pinArg) { return( !digitalRead(pinArg) ); }
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// boolean TRIGGER_ON_HIGH(int pinArg) { return( digitalRead(pinArg) ); }
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//
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// The definitions for SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH are more complicated since the ESP32 touch sensor library returns either a 2-byte
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// or 4-byte numeric value when the state of pin configured as a touch sensor is read, rather than a simple 0 or 1. The triggerType
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// function must therefore compare the value read from the touch sensor pin to some pre-computed "threshold" to determine whether or not
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// the touch pad has in fact been touched. This is the threshold value that HomeSpan auto-calibrates for you as described above.
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//
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// Making things even more complex is that the ESP32 touch pins work in the reverse direction as touch pins on the ESP32-S2 and ESP32-S3.
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// On the former, the values read from a touch sensor DECREASE when the touch pad is touched. On the latter, the values increase when the
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// touch pad is touched. This means that for ESP32 devices, HomeSpan uses the following definition for SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH:
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//
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// boolean TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH(int pinArg) { return ( touchRead(pinArg) < threshold ); }
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//
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// whereas on ESP32-S2 and ESP32-S3 devices, HomeSpan uses a definition that flips the direction of the comparison:
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//
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// boolean TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH(int pinArg) { return ( touchRead(pinArg) > threshold ); }
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//
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// For ESP32-C3 devices, HomeSpan does not define TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH at all since there are no touch pins on an ESP32-C3 device! The compiler
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// will throw an error if you try to create a SpanButton with triggerType=SpanButton::TRIGGER_ON_TOUCH, or if you call either of the
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// calibration functions above.
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//
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// CREATING YOUR OWN triggerType FUNCTION
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// --------------------------------------
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// You are not limited to choosing among HomeSpan's three built-in triggerType functions. You can instead create your own triggerType function
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// and pass it to SpanButton as the triggerType parameter in the SpanButton constructor. Your function must be of the form `boolean func(int)`,
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// and should return TRUE if the "pushbutton" associated with the pin number that HomeSpan passes to your function as the integer argument
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// has been "pressed", or FALSE if it has not. This allows you to expand the used of SpanButton to work with pin multiplexers, pin extenders,
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// or any device that may require custom handling via a third-party library.
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//
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// For example, if you were using an MCP I/O Port Expander with the Adafruit mcp library, you could create a triggerType function for a pin
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// on the MCP device that is connected to ground through a pushbutton as such:
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//
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// boolean MCP_READ(int mcpPin) { return ( !mcp.digitalRead(mcpPin) ); }
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//
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// And then simply pass MCP_READ to SpanButton as the triggerType parameter using any of the SpanButton constuctors:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,MCP_READ); // uses default longTime, singleTime, and doubleTime
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// new SpanButton(23,MCP_READ,2000,5,200); // expliclty sets longTime, singleTime, and doubletime
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// new SpanButton(23,2000,5,200,MCP_READ); // alternative constructor with arguments in a different order
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//
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// Alternatively, you can use a lambda function as the triggerType parameter, thus creating your function on the fly when instantiating a SpanButton:
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//
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// new SpanButton(23,[](int mcpPin)->boolean{ return ( !mcp.digitalRead(mcpPin) ); });
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//
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// Note: If you create your own triggerType function, don't forget to perform any initialization of the "pin", or setup/configuration of a
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// pin extender, etc., prior to instantiating a SpanButton that uses your custom function. HomeSpan cannot do this for you.
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//
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